??????? - 考慮指定熱釋放速率曲線在不同的建筑物中的情況。
??????? - 無死角出口設(shè)計(jì)。
??????? - 設(shè)計(jì)出口具有足夠?qū)挼淖呃?，防火門和樓梯保護(hù)的高層建筑。
??????? -區(qū)別設(shè)計(jì)室內(nèi)和走廊的結(jié)構(gòu)。
??????? 在消防裝置的部分應(yīng)通過增強(qiáng)NFPA-FSES 4個(gè)消防安全參數(shù)，但分別賦予不同的分值：
??????? - 自動(dòng)噴水滅火系統(tǒng)。
??????? - 消防報(bào)警器。
??????? - 煙霧探測系統(tǒng)。
??????? - 煙控制。
??????? 并包括以下新的消防裝置：
??????? - 消防栓及軟管卷盤系統(tǒng)。
??????? - 應(yīng)急照明系統(tǒng)。
??????? - 出口標(biāo)示。
??????? - 緊急供電系統(tǒng)。
??????? - 滅火器。
??????? 5 消防安全管理
??????? 消防安全管理應(yīng)加強(qiáng)尋求批準(zhǔn)具有等效設(shè)計(jì)的建筑，或通過代碼升級(jí)他們的消防安全設(shè)施。在這里，消防安全計(jì)劃應(yīng)該包括[36-41]：
??????? 維護(hù)計(jì)劃。
??????? 為住宅高層建筑居住者和管理人員，及非住宅樓宇或大屋苑的居民制定具有較強(qiáng)的管理團(tuán)隊(duì)性質(zhì)的培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃。
??????? 火災(zāi)預(yù)防計(jì)劃。
??????? 管理人員基本消防行動(dòng)方案。
??????? 消防安全管理要素應(yīng)參照缺失規(guī)定單獨(dú)制定一定的建筑防火安全要求。例如，有效的內(nèi)部管理的新要求規(guī)定，如果走廊寬度不滿足1.2米，應(yīng)確保沒有雜物被放置在樓道里。它是一種常見的做法，因?yàn)殡s物將阻斷出口通道。
??????? 6 結(jié)論
??????? 在香港的商業(yè)用房[24]中使用NFPA-FSES[8,9]的可能性需要進(jìn)一步討論[28]。討論可以遵循以下幾點(diǎn)：
??????? 充分考慮出口的進(jìn)入和出口設(shè)計(jì)是非常重要的。應(yīng)該精心設(shè)計(jì)疏散模式。
??????? 提供灑水車，消防報(bào)警，煙霧探測系統(tǒng)，煙霧控制將改善消防安全。
??????? 接受替代設(shè)計(jì)。如果能夠證明等效的系統(tǒng)可以滿足績效[15-22]的要求。
??????? 但是，這種方法只是商業(yè)用房消防安全的一個(gè)起點(diǎn)。新設(shè)計(jì)的建筑可以按照類似的方法。對(duì)于既有建筑[23]，評(píng)估結(jié)果將提供關(guān)于如何為卡拉OK[26,27]制定消防安全指導(dǎo)管理[36-41]。本文的討論是參考當(dāng)?shù)氐南来a。
??????? NFPA-FSES的概念是值得考慮和遵循的，但需要考慮到不同特色的特殊建筑物具有不同的消防安全參數(shù)，并且需要考慮到香港高層建筑的龐大數(shù)量和密度。已經(jīng)確定的消防安全參數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù)擴(kuò)展[10]建議可以作為當(dāng)?shù)亟ㄖ袠I(yè)進(jìn)行更長期研究的參考。
???????
??????? 致謝
??????? 該項(xiàng)目由密集城市先進(jìn)建筑技術(shù)戰(zhàn)略發(fā)展項(xiàng)目資助：消防安全工程應(yīng)急賬戶號(hào)碼1 - A038。
???????
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