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有效控制環(huán)境健康安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)

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INFACT GLOBAL PARTNERS, LTD.
香港逸岸咨詢有限公司PRAGMATIC SOLUTIONS FOR RESPONSIBLE MANUFACTURING
為負(fù)有責(zé)任感的制造商提供切實(shí)有效的解決方案

May 2010 五月
www.infactory-solutions.com
Beyond Compliance 超越合規(guī)Finding EHS Risk Before It Finds You有效控制環(huán)境健康安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
備注：1
Lecturer’s Background演講人背景
Responsible for top global brands' supply chain compliance
	負(fù)責(zé)知名國(guó)際品牌的供應(yīng)鏈合規(guī)管理
7 years of EHS management, due-diligence in corporate finance and project finance, government policies
	在環(huán)境健康安全領(lǐng)域擁有七年的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，包括盡職調(diào)查與政策分析等
Previous Director of Public Engagement and Environmental Education at Beijing EPB 曾任北京市環(huán)保局社會(huì)教育主任
Now based in Hong Kong 現(xiàn)住香港

Flora Chi
EHS / CSR Manager
Why it matters? 引言
Root causes of EHS mishaps
	環(huán)境健康安全事件的根本原因
How to improve 改善之道
Good practices and resources
	最佳實(shí)踐與資源分享
Take-aways 尾語(yǔ) 
Q&amp;amp;A 問(wèn)答

Agenda 日程 
Interactive 互動(dòng) 
Deep dive cases 案例 
Thorough guidelines 指南
Forward-thinking 前瞻
Hands-on 務(wù)實(shí)
Green Supply Chain China Survey 中國(guó)綠色供應(yīng)鏈
THOSE WHO BEST MEET AND FIND SOLUTIONS TO THESE CHALLENGES WILL LEAD THE COMPETITIVE PACK
機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)并存，制勝的關(guān)鍵在于企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人是否具備前瞻性思維
Why it matters? 
引言
備注：5
Natural resources and well-being of planet / human beings
	自然資源與生態(tài)/人體健康
More stringent regulatory requirements - Polluters pay 
	日益嚴(yán)格的法規(guī)要求——誰(shuí)污染，誰(shuí)治理
Investors, consumers, NGOs, and employees increasingly call for actions
	投資人、消費(fèi)者、非政府組織及雇員的呼聲日漸高漲
The superficial approach  in management and remediation
	管理與改善行動(dòng)中的敷衍了事方式已不再適用
End-of-pipe control 末端治理
Unqualified staff 人員資質(zhì)有限
Buy an ISO14001 certificate “辦證”，“有錢(qián)能使鬼推磨”
Pass the audits 驗(yàn)廠糊弄過(guò)了就行
Do more audits 有問(wèn)題？再驗(yàn)！

The evolving EHS challenges環(huán)境健康安全挑戰(zhàn)與時(shí)代共進(jìn)
EHS missteps can 環(huán)境健看安全事故將
Create public relations nightmares (fines, worker strike, business interruption) 
	引發(fā)公眾爭(zhēng)議 （罰款、罷工、停產(chǎn)）
Destroy markets and careers 重挫市場(chǎng)，引咎辭職
Knock billions off the value of a company 造成巨大經(jīng)濟(jì)損失
Examples of expensive lessons 案例
BP – massive oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico drained $32 billion from BP’s stock market value, still under investigation
	英國(guó)石油公司  – 墨西哥灣石油泄漏事故導(dǎo)致股價(jià)市值蒸發(fā)約320億美元，仍在調(diào)查中
GP batteries – over 100 workers been poisoned by cadmium 超霸電池 – 逾百人鎘中毒
Stainless steel products – stainless steel polishing dusts blackened workers’ faces and lungs
	不銹鋼制品 – 不銹鋼打磨粉塵侵害工人皮膚和肺部健康
Electronic parts– toxic VOC accumulated in workshop and by inhaling toxics, workers’ nerve systems were impaired  
	電子配件 – 有毒揮發(fā)性有機(jī)物累積在工廠車(chē)間空氣中，導(dǎo)致工人神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)受到損害

Business consequences商業(yè)影響
CAPTURE THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE UP AND DOWN THE SUPPLY CHAIN
把握供應(yīng)鏈上下游整合，提升核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)

Root causes of EHS mishaps
環(huán)境健康安全事故的根本原因
Communications 交流
Offices are far away 天高皇帝遠(yuǎn)
Language barriers 語(yǔ)言障礙
Auditors have different understanding / interpretation of standards 
	審核員對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的理解/闡述各異
Audits do not provide solutions 驗(yàn)廠并不能解決問(wèn)題
End-of-pipe control 末端治理
Quick and easy, not addressing the problems –  Applying band-aids
	治標(biāo)不治本 – 邦迪傷口貼
Do not cover management system (verifying policies, procedures, implementation, staff qualification, etc) 未審查管理系統(tǒng)（方針、制度、實(shí)施、人員資歷等）
Auditors and responsible staff are not trained properly 
	審核員與負(fù)責(zé)人員未得到適當(dāng)培訓(xùn)

Why did brands not notice/manage?為何品牌視而不見(jiàn)？
Not a priority 非首要問(wèn)題
Besides EHS, there’re many other things on agenda (raw materials, product design, cost, shipping, labor shortage, more purchase orders … )
	在環(huán)境健康安全以外，尚有更多需要亟待解決的問(wèn)題（原料、產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)、成本、運(yùn)輸、勞動(dòng)力短缺、更多訂單  ……）
See EHS as a cost, not as risk reduction 視為生產(chǎn)成本，而非風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理
Lack of know-how 缺乏知識(shí)與手段
Limited awareness of regulatory requirements 對(duì)法規(guī)要求意識(shí)薄弱
No management system (written policies, procedures, implementation, staff qualification, self-monitoring, etc) 
	尚未建立/執(zhí)行管理體系（書(shū)面方針、制度、實(shí)施、資質(zhì)、內(nèi)部監(jiān)測(cè)審核等）
Responsible staff are not trained properly 負(fù)責(zé)人員未得到適當(dāng)培訓(xùn)

Why did factories not manage?為何工廠置之不理？
Anhui Cihu Chemical Industry Park, China 中國(guó)安徽省慈湖化工園區(qū)An underground pipe to discharge wastewater into the Yangtze River (2009)園區(qū)地下管道向長(zhǎng)江水道排污造成的水體及土壤污染
Mr Li, in a stainless steel factory in Dongguan, ChinaEarning $100 per month, unaware of any potential hazards at work
在中國(guó)廣東省東莞一家不銹鋼廠工作的小李月工資不足千元，對(duì)工作場(chǎng)所中的潛在危害無(wú)意識(shí)
Coal mine workers in Linfen City, Shanxi, China 中國(guó)山西省臨汾市的煤礦工人Working with no PPE and breathing in large amount of dust into the lungs, most migrant workers get sick after working there for 1-2 years (2005)礦工下井無(wú)勞保用品、吸入大量粉塵導(dǎo)致矽肺，大多外地礦工一兩年后患職業(yè)病
CAPTURE THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE UP AND DOWN THE SUPPLY CHAIN
把握供應(yīng)鏈上下游整合，提升核心競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)

How to improve?
改善之道
	
Liabilities for explosion / spills / occupational diseases / worker strikes or other incidents that tarnish the public image and financial prospects
	由爆炸、泄漏、職業(yè)病、罷工或其他事故而構(gòu)成的責(zé)任將嚴(yán)重影響企業(yè)公眾形象和商業(yè)收益
EHS risks at operational level 在生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行環(huán)節(jié)存在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
Tighter regulations (RoHS, REACH, GHG footprint) 日益嚴(yán)格的法規(guī)要求
Permitting and compliance status 相關(guān)證照及達(dá)標(biāo)情況
Workers’ well-being 職工的健康水平
Resources that your business depends on (water, raw materials, land, subcontractors) 生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中賴(lài)以生存的資源（水、原材料、土地、承包商）
Fire / groundwater and soil contamination 火災(zāi)、地下水與土壤污染

Manage EHS driven business risks妥善管理由環(huán)境健康安全隱患而構(gòu)成的商業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)
Written policies 書(shū)面方針
Written procedures (SOP, graphics, training, hazard warning signage, communication) 
	書(shū)面制度（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)操作程序、圖片、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)警告標(biāo)示、告知看板）
Implementation (two-way communications, better definition, scope of work , scope of responsibility) 
	實(shí)施（雙向交流、準(zhǔn)確定義、工作范圍、責(zé)任范圍）
Verification (internal audit/assessment, corrective actions, revisions)
	確認(rèn)（內(nèi)部審核/審查、改善行動(dòng)、修訂）
Designated staff (qualification, training, accountability, teamwork)
	專(zhuān)職人員（資歷、培訓(xùn)、責(zé)任、團(tuán)隊(duì)精神）
       Management Systems 管理體系
Example 1: Missing fire distinguishers例一：缺失的滅火器
Band-aid solution 傷口貼辦法
Buy fire distinguishers
	買(mǎi)滅火器
Put fire distinguishers at the places where identified as missing in audit report
	按驗(yàn)廠報(bào)告的要求，將滅火器擺放在缺失的角落
Effective solution 有效辦法
Train and assign dedicated and competent staff responsible for fire fighting equipment inspection and maintenance
	指定并培訓(xùn)專(zhuān)職人員負(fù)責(zé)防火工作，定期檢查并維護(hù)防火器材
Top management is committed to fire safety and ensure fire fighting equipment are sufficient and maintenance at regular basis
	領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層承諾防火安全，并提供充足人力物力保證防火器材得到定期維護(hù)

Example 2: Workers do not wear PPE例二：工人沒(méi)有佩戴勞保用品
Band-aid solution 傷口貼辦法
Buy PPE 買(mǎi)勞保用品
Provide PPE to workers 
	向工人派發(fā)勞保用品
Tell workers to wear PPE at work
	告知工人工作時(shí)須佩帶勞保用品
Effective solution 有效辦法
Identify and analyze occupational hazards 辨識(shí)和分析職業(yè)危害
Buy PPE based on needs 
	根據(jù)需要購(gòu)買(mǎi)勞保用品
Provide appropriate PPE and trainings to workers 向工人派發(fā)適當(dāng)?shù)膭诒Ｓ闷?，并提供使用培?xùn)
Provide occupational hazard warning signage 
	在職業(yè)危害區(qū)域張貼警告標(biāo)示
Supervise and enforce workers on PPE wearing at hazardous areas 
	指導(dǎo)并強(qiáng)制工人佩帶勞保用品
Example 3: Chemical exposure / poisoning例三：接觸化學(xué)品 /中毒
Effective solution 有效辦法
Whenever new chemical is introduced to production and/or there’s a change in process, identify and analyze occupational hazards
	每當(dāng)引進(jìn)新化學(xué)品及/或改變生產(chǎn)流程時(shí)，辨識(shí)并分析職業(yè)危害
Install engineering control 工程控制
If still needed, provide PPE 如仍有需要，提供勞保用品
Provide PPE trainings to workers 培訓(xùn)
Provide occupational hazard warning signage在職業(yè)危害區(qū)域張貼警告標(biāo)示
Supervise and enforce workers on PPE wearing at hazardous areas 
	指導(dǎo)并強(qiáng)制工人佩帶勞保用品
Band-aid solution 傷口貼辦法
Buy PPE 買(mǎi)勞保用品
Provide PPE to workers 
	向工人派發(fā)勞保用品
Tell workers to wear PPE at work
	告知工人工作時(shí)須佩帶勞保用品
BUSINESSES THAT RUN LEAN ARE MORE PRODUCTIVE, MORE PROFITABLE, AND LESS POLLUTING
實(shí)施精益管理，激活生產(chǎn)潛能，做環(huán)境友好型企業(yè)

Good practices and resources
最佳實(shí)踐與資源分享
Premises 前提
Ownership  自主感
Transparency  透明度
Continuous improvement 持續(xù)改善
Rewards 好處
Increased client confidence 提升客戶信心
Less audits 減少驗(yàn)廠次數(shù)
Long-term relationship 長(zhǎng)期合作關(guān)系
Approach 手段
Integrated Compliance Management System
Enablon (CSR, EHS, governance, risk and compliance)
AUDIO analysis
Go beyond compliance 超越合規(guī)
Hansoll Textiles
Reporting List 
Committee Report
Training Report
Weekly Working Hour Report
Partner Factory Management Report
Buyer Audit Result
Hansoll Self-Audit Result
Others
Employee Feedback Report
Daily Health &amp;amp; Safety Checklist
Injury Report
CSR Weekly &amp;amp; Monthly Activity Report
H&amp;amp;S Checklist from Website
Employee Feedback in 2009
All related records are reported to EVP of CSR team headquarters (weekly &amp;amp; monthly) and being updated on how each case was handled.
Reporting List 
Reporting List 
Capture the low hanging fruit in supply chain 節(jié)能增效
FedEx Kinko retrofitted over 95% of its 1,000 branches with energy efficient overhead lighting and motion sensors. Cost: $3,000-10,000 / branch. Payback period: 12-18 months
Managing upstream (factories and suppliers) 減排
DuPont’s SuperSolids technology on automotive paints – reduced some hazardous emissions from coating process by up to 80%, equivalent to $20 million per plant in emissions control and operational expense
Managing downstream (customers) 小改變、大收益
IKEA’s flat packaging – saved up to 15% of fuel per item
Lower costs upstream and downstream如何在供應(yīng)鏈上下游降低成本
HOW SMART COMPANIES USE EHS STRATEGIES TO INNOVATE, CREATE VALUE, AND BUILD COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
如何應(yīng)用EHS策略創(chuàng)新，創(chuàng)造價(jià)值，建立競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)
Take-aways
尾語(yǔ)
Anticipating EHS issues and addressing them
	能夠預(yù)見(jiàn)環(huán)境健康安全隱患，并提早應(yīng)對(duì)解決
Staying ahead of new regulatory / compliance requirements
	在新法規(guī)要求/合規(guī)要求出臺(tái)以前積極籌備
Managing government / brand mandates to gain a relative advantage in the marketplace
	深入理解政府/品牌的要求，以便在市場(chǎng)中獲得相對(duì)優(yōu)勢(shì)
Manage EHS risks風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理
Goals focused on doing the right things
	著眼于做出正確的抉擇
Aligned with leadership &amp;amp; growth, stakeholders’ interests and expectations
	結(jié)合發(fā)展，結(jié)合利益相關(guān)者的利益和期望
Four keys for successful implementation 
	成功實(shí)施的四大要點(diǎn)
Clear goal setting, flexibility in how to achieve it 明確目標(biāo)，手段多樣化
Leading and lagging KPIs 設(shè)立關(guān)鍵績(jī)效指標(biāo)
Track and report progress 監(jiān)測(cè)與報(bào)告
Sound reputation and cost-benefits 誠(chéng)信與務(wù)實(shí)
Where are we headed and how to get there?發(fā)展方向與手段
EHS outcome	Basic metrics	2010	2011	2015
Energy 	Energy used
Percentage of renewable energy used or bought	230 MW
5%	210 MW
8%	200 MW
16%
Water 	Total water consumption
Wastewater discharge volume 	58 M tonne
55 M tonne	50 M tonne
46 M tonne	45 M tonne
40 M tonne
Air	Greenhouse gas emissions
Release of heavy metals and toxic chemicals
Emissions of particulates, VOCs, SOx, and NOx	69 K tonne
6.4 tonne
57 kg	61 K tonne
5.9 tonne
52 kg	48 K tonne
4.7 tonne
44 kg
Waste	Hazardous waste
Solid waste 
Recycled materials	33 K tonne
20.6 M tonne
3.5 M tonne	25 K tonne
15.9 M tonne
4.1 M tonne	21 K tonne
14.3M tonne
4.9 M tonne
Health surveillance	Percentage of workers who receive  entry / exit and annual health checks
Cases of major occupational diseases identified	58%

7	70%

5	93%

2
Safety 	Lost time incidents
Lost time  incident frequency rate	38
4 / month	25
2 / month	10
1 / month
Compliance	Notice of violations
Fines or penalties paid	22
RMB 490,000	13
RMB 300,000	6
RMB 130,000
Key EHS metrics 指標(biāo)舉例
Q&amp;amp;A 問(wèn)答 
28

Training Feedback
	培訓(xùn)反饋
29

FLORA CHIEHS / CSR Manager
INFACT Global Partners Ltd.

May 2010
fchi@infactory-solutions.com
Beyond ComplianceFinding EHS Risk Before It Finds You
備注：30

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